Greg — HTGAA Spring 2026

About me
I ❤️ microbes!

I ❤️ microbes!
Week 1 HW: Principles and Practices
Does the option: Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Enhance Biosecurity • By preventing incidents • By helping respond Foster Lab Safety • By preventing incident • By helping respond Protect the environment • By preventing incidents • By helping respond Other considerations • Minimizing costs and burdens to stakeholders • Feasibility? • Not impede research • Promote constructive applications
My homework DNA! graph LR; DNA–>RNA–>proteins
| Does the option: | Option 1 | Option 2 | Option 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enhance Biosecurity | |||
| • By preventing incidents | |||
| • By helping respond | |||
| Foster Lab Safety | |||
| • By preventing incident | |||
| • By helping respond | |||
| Protect the environment | |||
| • By preventing incidents | |||
| • By helping respond | |||
| Other considerations | |||
| • Minimizing costs and burdens to stakeholders | |||
| • Feasibility? | |||
| • Not impede research | |||
| • Promote constructive applications |
DNA!
graph LR; DNA-->RNA-->proteins
mindmap
root((HTGAA 2025))
AI + Computational Bio
Multi-omics → LLM orchestration
Genomics / Transcriptomics / Proteomics / Metabolomics
Indirect pulls from DBs; NCBI, UniProt, KEGG, Reactome
AI protein/peptide design
PepMLM from HuggingFace for peptide generation
Structure prediction + docking/MD
Binder design: AfDesign / RFdiffusion / EvoBind / BindCraft
Automation & coding
Google Colab protocols → Opentrons robots
Scale experiments, iterate fast
Protein Science & Design
Amino acids & stereochemistry
L vs D amino acids, helix handedness
Secondary structure
α-helices & variants, β-sheets → aggregation
Amyloids as stable materials
Model protein
eGFP: primary→tertiary structure characterization
Genetic Engineering Methods
DNA read/write/edit basics
Gel electrophoresis, Benchling workflows
PCR chemistry
Phusion HF Master Mix components/purpose
Assembly
Gibson Assembly
Cloning & expression
Vector design → E. coli expression
Regulatory Logic & Circuits
Post-transcriptional vs post-translational control
Endoribonucleases for RNA cleavage vs proteases for protein degradation
Cell-Free Systems
Why cell-free?
Speed - no culturing!
Open control of DNA, amino acids, energy, enzymes
Toxic proteins OK; supports UAAs
Bioproduction & Pathways
Carotenoids in E. coli
crtE + crtI + crtB → lycopene
+ crtY → β-carotene
Automation mindset
What new questions when everything is automated?
Phage Engineering: MS2
Lysis protein L
N- vs C-terminal roles; C-term TM drives lysis
33-nt non-overlapping window
Introduce stop codon to split N from C → DnaJ-independent lysis
Preserve overlaps with cp/rep genes
Mitochondrial Therapeutics
Target: Cyclophilin D "CypD"
Block mPTP opening in I/R injury
Design peptide inhibitor; plan in vitro/in vivo validation
Knowledge Sources
NCBI GenBank • UniProt • KEGG • Reactome