https://pages.htgaa.org/2026a/sean-murphy/homework/week-09-hw-cell-free-systems/index.htmlPart 1: Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Explain the main advantages of cell-free protein synthesis over traditional in vivo methods, specifically in terms of flexibility and control over experimental variables. Name at least two cases where cell-free expression is more beneficial than cell production. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) removes the constraint of keeping a living cell alive. In a normal in vivo expression experiment, every design choice has to be compatible with growth, metabolism, membrane integrity, and host viability. In CFPS, the transcription and translation machinery is retained, but the cell itself is gone, so the reaction becomes an open biochemical system that can be directly tuned. DNA concentration, magnesium and potassium levels, redox state, chaperones, cofactors, detergents, lipids, noncanonical amino acids, and energy substrates can all be adjusted without worrying about whether the host will survive.Hugoen