Week 3 HW: Cell-Free Protocols

Background

In this assignment, you will design new reaction compositions for synthesizing three proteins (sfGFP, PETase, and Reteplase) through cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). In lysate-based CFPS, the protein-synthesis machinery is extracted from cells and used outside of intact living cells.

This homework was designed based on an exciting ongoing project at Ginkgo Bioworks aimed at comparing the performance of human scientists and AI agents in designing cell-free protein synthesis reactions with the goal of optimising the cost of producing one gram of functional protein. Submitted reaction compositions will be part of a Coopetition.

Assignment

Why does the concentration of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate differ between compositions? Which is more sensitive?
Explain how a PEP+NTP reaction formulation is different from a Ribose+NMP reaction formulation.
Choose two cell-free reaction compositions from the literature, compare and contrast the choice of reagents and the concentration of reagents.