https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/index.htmlHow to Biomanufacture (Almost) Anything — Fall 2026 Pharmacy student @ German University in Cairo Welcome to my portfolio for How to Biomanufacture (Almost) Anything (HTBAA). This site documents my homework, experiments, design ideas, and projects throughout the Fall 2026 course—exploring how genetic engineering, synthetic biology, cell-free systems, biomolecular design, and biomanufacturing can combine to create new biological technologies.Hugoenhttps://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-01-hw-project-ideas/index.htmlMon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-01-hw-project-ideas/index.htmlAutomated Cell-Free Biomanufacturing of an Insulin Aptamer for Screening Insulin After Refrigeration Failure Core idea: Produce an insulin-binding DNA aptamer using a cell-free system and use it in a disposable electrochemical cartridge to rapidly test insulin samples after a refrigerator or cold chain has failed. Figure 1. Three-dimensional cartoon representation of insulin (PDB 1TRZ). Image by Diego Mariano, Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-02-hw-dna-design/index.htmlMon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-02-hw-dna-design/index.htmlDesigning the DNA for Rolling-Circle Manufacturing of an Insulin-Binding Aptamer (IGA3) Core idea: My Homework #1 product is an insulin-binding DNA aptamer, made in a cell-free system and used in a disposable electrochemical cartridge that screens insulin after refrigeration failure. In this homework, I design the DNA template that would produce it.https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-03-hw-cell-free/index.htmlMon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/week-03-hw-cell-free/index.html🧪 Section A: Compare Cell-Free Reaction Compositions 🧂 A1. Why do the concentrations of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate differ between compositions? Which is more sensitive? Potassium glutamate functions to reproduce the intracellular environment of E.coli by contributing to the ionic environment. Magnesium glutamate’s role is for magnesium to interact with the negatively charged phosphate groups in nucleic acids, as well as playing a role in the activity + stability of transcription and translation machinery. Despite this, too much magnesium can reduce protein synthesis; therefore, its concentration must be optimized rather than just increased.https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/final-project/index.htmlMon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://pages.htgaa.org/2026b/shaymaa-yakout/final-project/index.html